The purpose of this study is to propose and verify the feasibility of using gray relative analysis (GRA) to identify key characteristics of an industrial maintenance system and key factors for managing human reliability
in this system. The developed approach is verified using qualitative and quantitative data obtained from seven
companies in the furniture industry. Through the approach used, the following maintenance characteristics are
identified as key: scheduling intensity index, work scheduling intensity index, and work request response index.
In addition, the following human reliability management factors are identified as key: analysis of error reduction measures, implementation of error reduction measures, and evaluation of the effectiveness of implemented
human error reduction measures. The approach verified in this paper is computationally simple and beneficial
in cases of imprecise and incomplete information and small sample size, while the results obtained are easy to
interpret. This approach can, therefore, be a crucial tool for improving enterprises in maintenance and in terms
of improving human reliability. The application of GRA in human reliability management in industrial maintenance is original.