The topic of autonomous vehicles has become popular in recent years, not only because of technological developments but also because of existing challenges in the transportation industry. Autonomization of means
of transport has an element of competitive advantage among manufacturers of such vehicles. For their customers ‒ i.e., transport companies ‒ this, in turn, means greater safety, greater driving comfort, and the ability to
stay in the market and not fold when such a company runs out of drivers. Over the past few years, we have dealt
with such a situation ‒ on the one hand, we have seen a growing trend in the amount of cargo to be transported
and, on the other hand, there is a decline in employment in the transport sector (especially cargo). The supply
of labor in the industry does not cover the demand for this workforce. The goal of this research is to determine
the current state of the cargo transportation sector and to formulate possible advantages and disadvantages
of the partial introduction of autonomous vehicles performing cargo transportation as a response to existing
threats in the industry