Presented are regulations concerning the operation of passenger ships (with particular emphasis on Polish ferries) designed to increase maritime safety the SOLAS Convention, established in 1974 and codified in 2002,
codifies these regulations, and the International Maritime Organization mandates additional regulations, created in response to a rapidly increasing number of maritime disasters. The analyses described herein were based
on restrictions established for the “Jan Śniadecki” and “Mikołaj Kopernik” ferries. Safety of ro-ro units, which
also typically have a significant number of people on board, was also analyzed. Also included in the study were
ship operational- limitation characteristics with respect to structure, unsinkability, and stability of machinery
and electrical equipment, fire protection, operational requirements, and rescue measures and devices, along
with their purpuroses. Safety management consists of taking appropriate actions to prevent or minimize the
effects of an accident or a disaster and is assessed on the basis of calculations and experience gleaned from
analogous cases. Safety management can proceed if a problem has been thoroughly assessed. The potential risk
of negative consequences with respect to the safety of the transport process as a whole must be considered, and
the safety of the whole must not be risked for that of a particular part of it. A safety management decision can
be made when its necessity is not in doubt. A problem is assumed to have only one solution. The effectiveness
of the previously used method should be carefully assessed before proceeding to the next method. Security
management is not easy and requires much professional knowledge and experience.
