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Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin,
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
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Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin,
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
ISSN 1733-8670 (Printed)
ISSN 2392-0378 (Online)
DOI PREFIX 10.17402
The Scientific Journals (SJ) issued by the Maritime University of Szczecin (MUS) is a magazine which presents results of MUS research and educational activities. SJ has been published since 1973 but in 2004 it changed the ISSN from 0209-2069 to 1733-8670 as a result of MUS changing its name from Wyższa Szkoła Morska w Szczecinie to Akademia Morska w Szczecinie.
At the beginning there were several papers published in SJ and they were connected with maritime affairs. Doctoral and habilitation theses had also been published then. With time the SJ scope expanded to among others nautical issues, operation of the vessel, marine power plant operation. The magazine presented also symposium and conference proceedings.
Since 2008, the magazine has been published in A4 format with a new layout. Since 2010 the journal has been publishing the articles in English. By the end of 2014 a total of 112 Scientific Journals will have been published.
The SJ Scientific Board ensures high quality of published papers. All papers are reviewed confidentially and anonymously (double blind review) and are a subject of scientific edition.
The Scientific Journals printed version is primary.
http://scientific-journals.eu/
List of Issues
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74 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 74 / 2023
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73 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 73 / 2023
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72 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 72 / 2022
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71 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 71 / 2022
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70 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 70 / 2022
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69 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 69 / 2022
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68 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 68 / 2021
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67 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 67 / 2021
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66 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 66 / 2021
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65 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 65 / 2021
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64 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 64 / 2020
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63 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 63 / 2020
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62 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 62 / 2020
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61 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 61 / 2020
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60 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 60 / 2019
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59 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 59 / 2019
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58 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 58 / 2019
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57 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 57 / 2019
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56 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 56 / 2018
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55 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 55 / 2018
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54 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 54 / 2018
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53 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 53 / 2018
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52 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 52 / 2017
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51 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 51 / 2017
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50 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 50 / 2017
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49 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 49 / 2017
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48 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 48 / 2016
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47 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 47 / 2016
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46 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 46 / 2016
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45 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 45 / 2016
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44 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 44 / 2015
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43 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 43 / 2015
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42 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 42 / 2015
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41 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 41 / 2015
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40 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 40 / 2014
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39 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 39 / 2014
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38 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 38 / 2014
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37 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 37 / 2014
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36.2 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 36 / 2013
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36.1 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 36 / 2013
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35 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 35 / 2013
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34 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 34 / 2013
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33 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 33 / 2013
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32.2 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 32 / 2012
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32.1 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 32 / 2012
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31 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 31 / 2012
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30 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 30 / 2012
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29 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 29 / 2012
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28 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 28 / 2011
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27 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 27 / 2011
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26 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 26 / 2011
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25 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 25 / 2011
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24 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 24 / 2010
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23 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 23 / 2010
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22 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 22 / 2010
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21 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 21 / 2010
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20 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 20 / 2010
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19 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 19 / 2009
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18 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 18 / 2009
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17 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 17 / 2009
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16 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 16 / 2009
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15 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 15 / 2008
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14 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 14 / 2008
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13 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 13 / 2008
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12 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 12 / 2007
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11 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 11 / 2006
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10 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 10 / 2006
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09 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 9 / 2005
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08 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 8 / 2006
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07 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 7 / 2005
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06 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 6 / 2005
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05 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 5 / 2005
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04 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 4 / 2004
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03 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 3 / 2004
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02 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 2 / 2004
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01 Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, no. 1 / 2004
Recent Submissions
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )The conducted review presents the possibility of using artificial neural networks in sectors related to environmental protection, agriculture, forestry, land uses, groundwater and bathymetric. Today there is a lot of research in these areas with different research methodologies. The result is the improvement of decision-making processes, design, and prediction of certain events that, with appropriate intervention, can prevent severe consequences for society. The review shows the capabilities to optimize and automate the processes of modeling urban and land dynamics. It examines the forecasts of assessment of the damage caused by natural phenomena. Detection of environmental changes via the analysis of certain time intervals and classification of objects on the basis of different images is presented. The practical aspects of this work include the ability to choose the correct artificial neural network model depending on the complexity of the problem. This factor is a novel element since previously reviewed articles did not encounter a study of the correlation between the chosen model or algorithm, depending on the use case or area of the problem. This article seeks to outline the reason for the interest in artificial intelligence. Its purpose is to find answers to the following questions: How can artificial neural networks be used for spatial analysis? What does the implementation of detailed algorithms depend on? It is proved that an artificial intelligence approach can be an effective and powerful tool in various domains where spatial aspects are important.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )The presented study examines the effect of voltage subharmonics, which relates to components of the frequency less than the fundamental voltage harmonic, and the currents and vibration of the line start permanent magnet synchronous motor. The obtained experimental results corresponded to a production motor with a rated power of 3 kW and a rated speed of 1500 rpm. The main purpose of our study was to highlight that the subharmonic value had a non-linear effect on the vibration level of the considered motor. It was found that for subharmonic values up to approx. 0.5% of the vibration level could be considered acceptable for long-term operation, whereas vibration caused by voltage subharmonics of values greater than approx. 0.8% might promote machine damage.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of fare integration on the demand for public transport and the role of IT technologies and cash-free payments in this process. The paper presents the results of a critical literature review of studies conducted in this area so far. This approach enables the integration of theoretical and empirical findings, and perspectives of fragmented and interdisciplinary studies. Fare integration in cities is one of the factors that increase the demand for urban public transport services. This results from an improved image of public transport, easier promotion of services, more eligible passenger information, and easier use of services due to the uniform regulations and fares. In addition, for travelers, fare integration means cheaper services because they do not need to buy separate tickets corresponding to various organizers or carriers. The implementation of solutions from the field of fare integration is also related to costs; one can primarily mention the transaction costs and those related to the introduction of new solutions into the sales systems. The increase in the demand for public transport services due to the implementation of fare integration, results in external benefits that affect the sustainability of city transport systems and, thereby, justifies the funding of it by the public sector, which is accountable for ensuring efficient public transport.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )Rapeseed by-products of seeds de-oiling, particularly expellers and post-extracted meal, are currently considered an important biomass that can be used as an alternative energy source, either in raw form or after conversion to biochar. Rapeseed biomass represents a difficult-to-handle cargo, mainly due to its sensitivity to mechanical, climatic, and biological impacts, as well as its dusty nature. This study aims to determine the physical properties of rapeseed meals and their fractions. Morphological and chemical features of six particle sets are investigated in order to explain the variation in their physical properties having importance in handling and transportation processes. The true density of fractions increases when the particle size decreases due to the diminishing quantitative share of seed coats. No correlation is observed between true and bulk densities, as the particle shape, surface sculpture, and adhesion affect the mutual particle arrangements. Along with a decrease in the particle size from 0.4 mm, a rapid decrease in the flowability is observed. The tendency of the finest dust (d < 0.075 mm) to form agglomerated complexes causes its lower bulk density, higher porosity, and higher angles of repose in comparison to coarse dust (0.075–0.4 mm). It is concluded that a relatively low tendency to free flowing of natural RSM is mainly caused by its wide-ranging particle size distribution and their geometry differentiation, which facilitate mutual particle interlockings. The known cases of blockages of silos, bins, hoppers, and transfer chutes may be mainly caused by the powder fractions (< 0.2 mm), with a much lower flowability than other particles.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )The effects of precipitation of varying intensity on the operation of a ship’s radar are considered. It is shown that during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna of a ship’s radar, its energy is absorbed by precipitation. To determine the power loss of an electromagnetic wave due to its absorption by particles of precipitation, the effective absorption area, specific absorption coefficient, and specific effective total scattering area are used. The effective areas of absorption and total scattering depend on the shape of the precipitation particles, their size, state of aggregation, and the length of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna of the ship’s radar. The dependence of the effective absorption area on the particle size of precipitation is obtained at two wavelengths of 3 cm and 10 cm, on which the ship’s radars operate. A decrease in the tracking range of an object tracked by a ship’s radar in the case of rain falling is established compared with the tracking range of an object in clear weather. It is shown that a decrease in the tracking range of an object occurs only with moderate, strong, and very heavy rain. The attenuation of electromagnetic energy in rain with an intensity of 12.5 mm/h at a wavelength of 3 cm is obtained by calculation, which amounted to 24 dB with a length of the falling rain zone of 50 km, as well as with rain with an intensity of 100 mm/h with the same length of the precipitation zone.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )This paper proposes a modified artificial potential fields (APF) method for collision avoidance at sea. The concept of artificial potentials used herein is derived from fields generated by electric charges. Attractive and repulsive forces are determined, accounting for the positions of an own vessel and a target vessel. The own vessel and its goal are considered as opposite charges. There is an attractive force between them, while the own vessel and target vessels or obstacles are considered as charges with a repulsive force between them. The values of these forces depend on the coefficients of attraction and repulsion. To solve a particular collision situation, the modified method of artificial potential fields is used. Due to the specific nature of the vessels’ movement, additional factors affecting the values of the attraction and repulsive forces are considered, as opposed to solutions used for robots. The main purpose of this article is to present the method for determining the coefficients of the APF method. This method will be used to avoid collisions at sea. From an analysis of factors influencing the execution of the vessel maneuver in a collision situation, a modified method for determining the attraction and repulsion coefficients is proposed. A case study of collision avoidance in a vessel encounter situation is also conducted.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )In recent years, a significant emphasis has been placed on the technological side of shipping. However, humans remain the operator of the vessel and the ones to make the final decision. With the increasing problem of fatigue, a properly designed bridge might offer great support for navigators. This includes the implementation of ergonomics in the workplace. This paper aims to better understand the needs of end-user operators and determine if there is still a need for improvement in bridge ergonomic design. To reach this goal, a custom-designed questionnaire survey of 200 professional navigators is performed. The Kano model is used to analyze the seamen’s wants and needs, but also expectations based on their satisfaction with proposed ergonomic solutions. The research results suggest that there is still room for improvement in this area, which is not only a matter of comfort or health but also safety.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly limited user mobility, not least among students. Remote learning had a particular impact on resource allocation in relation to using terrestrial cellular networks, especially 4G systems in urban agglomerations. This paper presents the results of a quality evaluation of an outdoor environment, carried out between 2019 and 2021 on the campus of a technical university. Annual studies are conducted using our own custom-built mobile application, installed on 50 mobile devices (i.e., smartphones) running Android OS. This study aims to determine the impact of reduced user mobility on access parameters in mobile networks, that is, both download and upload throughput as well as delay (ping), with a particular focus on serving base transceiver stations (BTSs). This research scenario involves long-term evolution (LTE) compatible user equipment (UE) that operates under four Polish mobile network operators (MNO), which includes roaming connections and the newly launched 5G standard.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )Caring for the environment, in accordance with the principles of sustainable development, as well as the increase in the standard of living of society, introduces the need to conduct proper waste management. Construction is an industry with great potential for the management of glass waste as part of material recycling. The construction sector is characterized by high material consumption, with a limited amount of natural resources, meaning that research is constantly being performed on the possibility of replacing them with other common ingredients. A feature of the building materials industry is also the pursuit of continuous improvement of the properties of manufactured materials. The paper presents the research results on the impact of the partial replacement of Portland cement and aggregate with glass waste on strength parameters and frost resistance. For the purpose of experimental work, a concrete mix based on the C20/25 standard concrete with CEM I 42.5R Portland cement, in which from 0 to 20% of the cement or aggregate weight is replaced with glass waste (i.e., glass flour and glass cullet), is designed. In the test range, the glass flour slightly affected the deterioration of the compressive strength, while the glass cullet had no effect on the compressive strength after 56 days of maturation. Moreover, the addition of glass flour increases the bending strength, while the addition of glass cullet maintains a comparable bending strength compared to the reference concrete. The obtained concretes are frost-resistant concrete F150.
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(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )A period of pandemics and distance learning has forced teachers to plunge headlong into the technological challenges of education. Today, it is possible to look back on this time as an educational milestone that, although forced, contributed to a much-needed leap into the digital age in higher education. Information and communication technologies (ICT) have contributed to a significant paradigm shift in learning and the roles of teachers and students in education today. ICT tools in the educational process have become indispensable, whether for on-site teaching, an exclusively online system, or a hybrid scheme. Therefore, this study aims to establish how modern technology has enabled a unity of resources in the education process and to identify how the pandemic conditions have affected the logistics process for didactics, particularly related to providing a unity of the right resources in the correct place. Moreover, the authors indicate the benefits of the described changes in the didactic process for teachers and students in the post-pandemic period.
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Proposal of ECDIS simulation tests for dredging activity in seaports: A project management approach (Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, )The main purpose of dredging is to maintain the required depth of harbors and marine and inland waterways. Any investment work in port infrastructure should be planned in such a way as to minimize interference with the port operations and vessel traffic. The research aims to analyze work scenarios involving a proposed dredging fleet using a Navi-Trainer Professional 5000 navigational and maneuvering simulator connected to the Transas Navi-Sailor 4000 navigation information system. An analysis performed using these electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) simulators allows the operational parameters of the dredging project to be determined. These parameters include driving time, time taken to fill a TSHD dredger to full capacity, scale of maneuverability of the dredger within the port area, and determination of the safe distance between dredging vessels and other ships. The proposed solution may be supplemented with additional computer-based programs, providing a valuable tool in the research and monitoring of planned and current dredging projects.
