ISSN 1733-8670 (Printed)
ISSN 2392-0378 (Online)
DOI PREFIX 10.17402
The Scientific Journals (SJ) issued by the Maritime University of Szczecin (MUS) is a magazine which presents results of MUS research and educational activities. SJ has been published since 1973 but in 2004 it changed the ISSN from 0209-2069 to 1733-8670 as a result of MUS changing its name from Wyższa Szkoła Morska w Szczecinie to Akademia Morska w Szczecinie.
At the beginning there were several papers published in SJ and they were connected with maritime affairs. Doctoral and habilitation theses had also been published then. With time the SJ scope expanded to among others nautical issues, operation of the vessel, marine power plant operation. The magazine presented also symposium and conference proceedings.
Since 2008, the magazine has been published in A4 format with a new layout. Since 2010 the journal has been publishing the articles in English. By the end of 2014 a total of 112 Scientific Journals will have been published.
The SJ Scientific Board ensures high quality of published papers. All papers are reviewed confidentially and anonymously (double blind review) and are a subject of scientific edition.
The Scientific Journals printed version is primary.
Dembińska, Izabela
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
Dear Readers,
We are pleased to present you the last issue of our Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin
in this year. In this last edition, you will find twenty-two articles addressing topics from a wide variety of
research areas. They have been grouped into the following sections: Civil Engineering and Transport, Material
and Mechanical Engineering, Environmental Engineering and Mining, Power Engineering, Sustainability and
Smart City, Economics, Management and Quality Science. We are pleased that the manuscripts submitted
to us cover such a broad research field. This allows us to offer our readers a multi-disciplinary spectrum of
research problems.
Maryniak, Anna; Pogorzelec-Glaser, Katarzyna
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
This study aims to identify a model for building a resilient supply chain in a company testing engine oil
samples. Unstructured face-to-face and structured remote interviews were used as the research methods. The
proposed contextual research procedure allows for the elucidation of the content of the components of the final
resilient supply chain model and may facilitate theory building on the basis of future multiple case studies.
As a result of the research, it was found that at the level of the described chain, its strength and continuity of
flow are based on the durability of relationships with suppliers, speed, trust, and information sharing, the role of
which has been explained in relation to the nature of the supply chain. Due to the nature of the chain, building
its resistance on the basis of agility, which is most often indicated in model approaches, has no justification in
this case. It was also established that in this process, 4.0 technologies such as the internet of things (IoT), machine
learning, artificial intelligence, and cloud technologies are more important for management at the level of
the entire corporation than at the level of the tested chain. The analysis covered the supply chain embedded in
the industry, which (according to the author’s knowledge) was not discussed in the context of logistics processes
in world literature. Therefore, the results of the work undertaken are of great cognitive value.
Stempiński, Szczepan
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
The modern security environment is marked with significant changes and unpredictability. This is true both for
natural threats caused most often by forces of nature and for threats to civilization such as technical disasters
or failures. The fact that these threats may be synergistic not only complicates efforts that are mainly intended
to mitigate them but also makes it difficult to determine their direct cause. The article presents a hypothetical
model of the spread of dangerous substances released during a disaster involving a tanker carrying 20,000 kg
of anhydrous ammonia by road, by rail, and by water in the territory of the Municipality of the City of
Szczecin. A 2016 rail disaster involving two derailed tankers carrying ammonia is proof of the likelihood of
such an event. Great amounts of dangerous substances are transported through Szczecin’s densely populated
areas, most often to and from Zakłady Chemiczne Police S.A. (Police Chemical Plant), which causes a risk
to the life and health of persons on the premises. The method of situation assessment in chemical, biological,
and radiological contaminations (ATP 45 (Delta)) and the Promień IT system were used to forecast the
hypothetical development of contamination. The results were compared with those of the ALOHA program.
The author assumes that the conclusions from this paper will be used in the assessment of the likelihood of
threat categories (KZ-3) and in the crisis response procedure (PRK-15), both included in the Municipal Crisis
Management Plan.
Korbiel, Tomasz; Czerwińska-Lubszczyk, Agnieszka; Brodny, Jarosław; Czerwiński, Stefan
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
This article presents an economic analysis of the exploitation of the main mine drainage according to the condition
of machines. The study is based on actual operating data obtained during the operation of an underground
hard coal mine. Through the selection of state estimators, appropriate sensory systems, as well as a long-term
economic approach, operating procedures were developed that allowed for the introduction of significant financial
savings. Operating costs are reduced by lowering energy consumption and reducing the costs of current
repairs and spare parts. In addition to the classic approach to monitoring the state of a machine, based on the
observation of residual processes, a global coefficient, referred to as unit energy consumption, has been proposed.
Thanks to this, the operation of the machine occurs not only on the basis of its current dynamic state, but
also due to the control processes of the machine’s operation. Moreover, the article refers to the area related to
water safety and the reliability of the pumping station.
Mielimąka, Ryszard; Kleta, Henryk
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
The article presents results on the influence range of mining exploitation in a rock mass at the site of dog
headings located in an area of intensive mining exploitation. The research is based on geodetic measurements
of the subsidence of measurement line points located above the panel of a mined-out longwall. Studies were
applied to assess the range of mining influence in a rock mass, which is important for the protection of dog
headings against mining damage. If a range of mining influence comprises any protected workings, then the
deformations caused by mining operations may result in the loss of their functionality and even in dangerous
damage to them. The values of the parameters of the influence theory determined by geodetic measurements
of subsidence can be used to determine the permissible length of longwall panels, ensuring the maintenance of
the functionality of the protected dog headings and to optimize stress concentration zones in terms of the risk
of rock mass tremors.
Mocek, Piotr; Mocek, Kinga
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
Statistical data on occupational diseases registered by the Institute of Occupational Medicine in Łódź indicates
a renewed increase in the number of pneumoconiosis in Poland in recent years, especially in the section of PKD
(Polish Classification of Business Activities) – mining. Simultaneously, in 2018, because of the implementation
of Directives of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, changes were introduced to
Polish legislation in the field of protection of workers against the risk of exposure to carcinogens or mutagens
related to the respirable fraction of crystalline silica formed during work. Considering this information, the
members of the Department of Safety Engineering of the Silesian University of Technology attempted to assess
the dust hazard and the frequency of occurrence of respiratory diseases among the employees of the preparation
plant of mine X exposed to the harmful effects of industrial dust produced in the work process. The following
methods were used as part of the research: individual dosimetry, infrared spectrometry, directional interview,
diagnostic tests, and spirometry. The obtained results made it possible to identify workstations with the highest
exposure to the harmful effects of industrial dust and to recognize the impact of this action in the form of pathological
changes in the respiratory system in 18.4% of the miners surveyed.
Hejmlich, Andrzej
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
The paper presents a new approach to the evaluation of human factor (HF) influence on the risk of maritime
accidents. This approach is based on a formal human–ship–environment system definition including the relationships
between humans, technology, environment, and organization. Social and organizational factors have
already been included in the International Maritime Organization regulations; however, the individual factors
still need investigation. A combination of psychological studies and technical operations of sea-going ships
has given a huge opportunity to use HF assessment in rule-making processes. The main scientific goal of the
research presented in the paper was the development of a method to assess the influence of HF on the risk of
maneuvering accidents in restricted waters. This method is based on research within the area of technical ship
operation and the results of the psychological profile of operators. The proposed model is based on a quantitative
HF model developed by an authorized psychologist comprising personality traits, vulnerability to stress,
and risk approach. The investigations were carried out with a group of 32 experienced ship masters performing
a complex maneuvering task on the Full Mission Ship Handling Simulator. The multidimensional dependencies
between variables of the psychological profile and the risk of an accident resulting from maneuvering errors
were implemented into the Sugeno fuzzy model. The developed model allows risk assessment to be conducted
that depends on the selected personality profile features. These features can be measured using psychological
questionnaires, and then the risk of an accident due to maneuvering error can be calculated for a captain or
marine pilot in order to improve human resource management.
Stołtny, Bartosz; Peruń, Grzegorz; Łazarz, Bogusław; Stołtny, Adam
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
Flight training is occupied by many hours of theoretical and practical training. Polish universities offer the
possibility of conducting the aforementioned training as part of academic training. A young aviation student,
implementing himself in this process, takes on the burden of academic training and aviation training. The aviation
environment is sensitive to safety issues. These include the occurrence of incidents, events, and aviation
accidents. This issue arises directly from the possibility of endangering the health and lives of bystanders as
well as aviation personnel and the damage or destruction of aviation equipment. In addition, there are issues
related to the immobilization of airports, aviation organizations, excess repairs, or cases settled in court. Despite
all the above, it should be mentioned that air transport is described as the safest means of transportation where
– although incidents, events, or high-profile crashes are occasionally recorded. It is desirable for personnel to
remain as focused as possible during aviation tasks. The multitude of tasks carried out by aviation students,
combined with the burden of academic study, can carry a significant impact on maintaining concentration, lowering
perception, or at least meticulousness. These topics correlate closely with the human factor. As a research
problem, the submitted work was adopted to determine the impact of academic teaching load on the safety of
aviation activities performed, in the context of aviation training provided at universities. The research included
aviation mechanics and aircraft crews within its scope.
Mousavi, Seyed Mohamadreza; Khoogar, Ahmad Reza; Ghassemi, Hassan
(Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie,
)
The solution of the nonlinear equation for a ship’s rotational motion around its longitudinal axis, even with
simplifying assumptions, is complicated. This oscillatory motion, which is known as the roll motion, is generated
when the ship sails in the waves, and the irregular behavior of the waves causes time-varying dynamics.
Calculating the ship’s roll response is possible by determining roll equation coefficients. In the current study,
the coefficients were determined from the dynamic response of the ship using a training feed-forward neural
network. The training was carried out in two modes: as a free swing in calm water and forced oscillation in
irregular waves. The DTMB 5415 vessel was selected as the case study ship. The results of the simulation by
the neural network were validated by numerical analysis and model test results.