In this paper, we examine sources of optical radiation and the effects of interaction of specific types of optical radiation i.e. ultra-violet, visible and infra-red, on a human organism. Next, the current criteria for assessing optical radiation hazards and contemporary measurement methods for establishing the total and effective intensity of irradiation with ultra-violet radiation, as well as the intensity of irradiation with infra-red and visible radiation. In the following section, examples of temporary working posts for welders were presented, as used during maintenance works aboard ships. Measurement results for optical radiation at the selected working post were then quoted, accounting for three specific exposure times. The last section contains conclusions drawn from measurement results and interviews with a group of ship hull welders

A physical model of laser welding process is presented. At the beginning of this paper a short characteristic of correct modelling procedure is shown. In the further part, the form of heat transport in laser welding is described. Also the cylindrical-involution-normal (C-I-N) heat source (H-S) model and the Fourier – Kirchhoff partial differential equation are made and discusse

The internal fixation of maxillofacial fractures with plates and distracters has gained growing popularity during the last decades. The design of implants for fracture fixation has undergone a gradual evolution over the years as researchers have tried to facilitate healing and decrease the rate of complications. Osteolysis is one of the foremost problems limiting the survival of current implantation procedures. It is induced by the wear particles and corrosion products which incite an inflammatory response resulting in bone resorption and eventual loosening and failure of the bone fixation. The future research will help to limit the effects of wear particles by identifying the most suitable bearing surfaces. The pathologic cascade of events triggered by wear particles may be a potential site of action for drugs intended to prevent or check the progression of the disease. The paper presents a damages problems of the maxillofacial plate fixation. The surface failure at plate stabiliser elements showed typical damages for this system. Damages of screw’s steepl heads as well as the surface layers failure of the the coned seat on tie plates were observed. The surface failure at a screws were visible in a lesser degree. The biggest wear areas are visible on the cooperating surfaces of the plate sockets and the bone screw heads. Many types of damage characteristic of processes of corrosion damage and tribological wear, mainly abrasive, adhesive, and fretting wear, are observed here

The article presents the basic notions and definitions of systems security. The model of threats for systems security and a general model of a safe system (i.e. secured against outside and inside threats) were discussed. The problem of systems security management, considering particularly the management of risk, was define

The article is showing selected aspects of the production, quality control and analysis of reasons for appearing material defects in termoisolation elements. On samples chosen for examinations an inspection appearing of defects was conducted. A production method and a quality semi finished products were analysed with respect to the influence on coming into existence defects

This article presents the use of Pareto’s method and Ishikawa’s diagram for analyzing flaws which occur in a hydraulic prop produced for the mining industry. The study has pointed out that a human’s mistake and badly matched materials are the reasons of occurred incompatibilities. Correcting measures were proposed in the conclusions

The article presents the factors affecting labor security in terms of the quality of life. Author’s own study results were presented, over the perception of changes at work, occurring as a result of the emergence of information society as well as their effects on labor security and the quality of life

The EPC methodology enables accurate modelling of economic processes. One of the main spheres of its application is procedure creation under quality, occupational health and safety or environment management systems. The development of the methodology in question has led to establishment of precise conditions that must be conformed with in a correct process model. The main theme of the article is a general discussion of the EPC methodology. Based on an analysis of numerous literary studies published, a set of principles that should be met by an EPC diagram as a graphical representation of the process being described has been identified and discussed. Another subject touched upon in the article is the results of examinations of 156 diagrams from documents of integrated management systems implemented in two companies. The examinations conducted have implied that the diagrams created in the course of the documentation drawing up do not conform with many of the applicable requirements. The individual syntax errors occurring in the documents have been identified and discussed in the paper, and special attention has been paid to those related to application of the OR and XOR split connectors as well as those occurring when joining diagrams

To avoid the growth of organisms of different types on surfaces in a marine or freshwater environment usually coatings incorporating biocides (chemicals that kill organisms) are used. Instead of these biocide containing coatings there exist several approaches of nanostructuring the surfaces which prevents biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion as well as the attachment of larger organisms. In this paper results of a preliminary literature review on the potential role of nanotechnology in solving ecological problems concerning antifouling coatings are presente

The paper is focusing on exploitation process of transport devices based on preventive strategy approach. The two – condition based technical state of the device under operation has been described. It has been proposed time – and cost – oriented preventive type approaches to maintenance processes of the devices, which was discussed in details

Seaports play a very important role in the international sea-land transport chains and have a strong effect on the efficiency of foreign trade. As their influence on the regional economy and society is also significant, they face a high security risk. That is why they should be specially protected as infrastructural facilities of critical importance to the state. Moreover, protection of seaports constitutes and important element of the general concept of crisis management on local, regional and international levels. In recent years, both the European Union, by adopting the directive on enhancing port security, and the International Maritime Organization, by preparing the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code, have paid special attention to the protection of seaports against any incidents endangering their security. Vital among such activities is the preparation and implementation of a seaport protection plan and port facility protection plans. Those plans need to be consistent with the port critical infrastructure protection plan

The improvement of industrial enterprises requires a level of growth of enterprise innovation. The innovation at an economic scale has an influence on economic growth which is expressed by means of GDP per capita. There are clear correlations between innovation factors and a level of economic growth in the EU countries. The publication presents the analysis of chosen, mostly used innovation factors within an innovation influence side at level of prosperity in a given economy. On the basis of the gathered data, a model of linear regression describes dependence between innovation and GDP per capita. The situation of Poland has been examined in comparison with the other EU countries within a scope of innovation level in an entire innovation aspect, a contribution into innovation activity and innovation effect. The problems of the Polish economy in case of innovation effects, which are the lowest among the EU countries, have been also focused on in the following publication

The article presents a method of defining the required number of substitute technological objects used in the transport system, necessary for correct carrying out of the assigned transport task. The whole of the consideration was presented using the example of a chosen authentic system of the operation of transport means. On the basis of the identification of the authentic transport system and the means of transport operation process carried out in it, crucial operational states were designed as well as the possibilities of transferring between the particular states. Based on that, an event-centered model of the use of the means of transport was built, followed by a mathematical model of that process, assuming that its model is the homogenous Markov process. Then, for operational data obtained from research conducted in the authentic transport system, the values of the analyzed characteristics were defined. The presented results are a result of the research conducted as a part of a larger research project pertaining to the construction of a decision-making model of controlling transport system availability

The article presents a method for choosing technical objects to be used for execution of tasks by a control subsystem. The research object used to illustrate the discussion presented in the paper is a municipal bus transport network, in a given agglomeration. In order to solve the discussed problem the homogenous Markov's process has been accepted to be a mathematical model of the bus operation process. The ratio of the object's mean probability of being in its serviceability state to a time unit ,has been accepted as a criterion for choice (purchase) of a given make of the bus

In model investigation of ship’s fluidised bed boiler the similarity theory has been applied, which permits to transfer the investigation results from the model to the real object. For setting the non- dimensional numbers in similar phenomena, the analysis of differential equations describing the examined phenomenon or the dimensional analysis is applied. The article presents an example of the search for the non-dimensional numbers characterising the phenomenon of heat exchange in ship’s fluidised bed boiler