This article presents law requirements of the toxic emission to the atmosphere on example usually measured components during the analysis of exhaust gases. The paper describes the impact of NOx, SOx and COx on the atmosphere and also ways to reduce their emission

For satellite based navigation within maritime applications, the IMO defines requirements for further GNSS systems (IMO, 2002). In order to meet e.g. the demands for automatic docking (absolute accuracy: 0.1 m horizontal, integrity: 0.25 m Alert Limit, 10 s Time to Alarm, 10E–5 Integrity Risk (per 3 h), accurate code and phase measurements are essential. As these measurements are distorted by effects of various error sources, efficient error detection and correction are of main interest. This paper presents the idea of describing the influence of error sources in both, time and frequency domain to derive a competent basis for evaluating the signal‟s quality and detecting outliers. This offers a fundament for signal classification (usable, unusable), prediction of signal states and error correction and thus the compliance with the given requirements. First a description of the used analysis method, the Hilbert Huang Transform is given. By means of data recorded at Tromsoe/Norway and Rostock/Germany, first results are discusse

The article justifies the need for diagnostics in the maintenance of gas turbine engines in power systems of vessels for production, handling and storage (FPSO type – Floating Production, Storage and Off-loading). It also presents basic features and specifications of turbine engines used on these units as well as methods of obtaining diagnostic information in the maintenance of turbine engines. Parameters of diagnostic signal models (heat-flow, vibroacoustic and exhaust emissions) and methods of their measurement have been identified. Methods of application of on- and off-line data for maintenance purposes have been diversifie

Ship is a sample of object where there are special demands with reference to man‟s protection. It is connected with spatial relations between technical solutions used on the vessels (where using of modern electronically aided tools result in production of ships which are quicker, safer, useful for transportation of different types of cargo for longer distances) and level of human immunity and possibilities of adopting to factors influencing that environment. Recently more attention was paid to the fact that vessels are not just means of conveyance but also a place of work and rest. Human body with its properties became a benchmark to which there were subordinated functional-spatial solutions. To fulfil the task there were taken into consideration: domination of design branch, high level of automatization, trends for decreasing of working costs, threats of pirates and terrorists strikes and work safety and fire regulations. The aim for that is to assure safety for crew, passengers, freight and environment in aspect of completing conditions given by regulations of marine organisations and administration

The article describes activities of Polish Special Military Unit in the Middle East which took part in the Second United Nations Emergency Force in Egypt – UNEF II in the period 1973–1979. There are presented traditions of Polish military service in the multinational commissions in Korea, Indochina and Nigeria in the period 1953–1973. The history of Polish military contingent in UNEF II is the main body of the article. Polish Army the first time was ordered to set up a battalion sized military unit to UN mission. It was big organizational and logistic challenge. The main part of contingent‟s supply transporting was realized by Polish vessels. They were build in Szczecin shipyard. The activity description is a second part of the article

Przedstawiono nowy sposób organizacji procesu roboczego kombinowanego systemu doładowania silników spalinowych z kaskadowym wymiennikiem ciśnienia, umożliwiający znaczący wzrost poziomu wysilenia sil-nika przy doładowaniu, ze względu na zwiększenie obszaru efektywnej wymiany ładunku oraz schłodzenia powietrza doładowującego do temperatur poniżej temperatury otoczenia bez strat energii mechanicznej na re-alizację cyklu chłodzenia. Przedstawiono metodyki wyboru podstawowych parametrów kaskadowego wy-miennika ciśnienia oraz ocenę możliwości chłodzenia systemu. Podano wyniki badań analitycznych i ekspe-rymentalnych systemu doładowania silnika 6ЧН12/14. Przedstawiono mechanizm zwiększenia efektywności schłodzenia powietrza doładowującego przy wzroście temperatury gazu ściskającego

Navigational risk assessment is a complex process, which aims to determine the level of safety over the analyzed area. Usually two approaches are used: qualitative and quantitative. Engineers tend to view risk in an objective way in relation to safety, and as such use the concept of risk as an objective safety criteria. Among engineers risk is defined as a product of probability of occurrence of an undesired event and the expected consequences in terms of human, economic and environmental loss. These two components are equally important therefore appropriate estimation of these values is a matter of great significance. This paper deals with one of these two components: the probability of vessels‟ collision assessment. A new approach for probability estimation of collision between vessels is presented, rooted in aviation experiences. The presented model for collision frequency estimation takes into account historical traffic data from AIS, generalized vessel dynamics and uses advanced statistical and optimization methods (Monte-Carlo, Genetic Algorithms)

Made to identify and assess factors determining the quality of the utility of frozen fish in cold chain, taking into account the output quality frozen products. Organoleptic characteristics were analyzed frozen fish products, the selection of appropriate packaging and freezing techniques and increasing the added value of frozen fish products. Describes methods to help preserve the quality of frozen fish. Into account the results of the audit in the first quarter of 2009 by IJHARS the physicochemical parameters, labeling and packaging, and organoleptic characteristics of the randomly selected industrial enterprises. It was found that the marketing value-added frozen fish products is difficult to estimate and depends on subjective evaluations of consumers

On 19 May 2005 entered into force new Annex VI of MARPOL Convention – Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships and NOX Technical Code for Diesel Engines. In October 2008 at its 58th session the IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee has been adopted the revisions of actual air pollution prevention requirements. Revised requirements will enter into force on 1 July 2010. This paper presents significant among the revisions which are the phased-in reductions for NOX and SOX emissions and the extended application of NOX emission limits to existing engines;Kołwzan, Krzysztof;Adamkiewicz, Andrzej

Tanker casualties cause often serious environment pollution with disastrous effects. The important issue is to perform successful salvage operation and in order to do so, it is necessary to forecast the exact position of the disabled ship at each point of time. Programme of research was installed in the Ilawa Ship Handling Research and Training Centre (SHRT) with the aim to develop a computer code for prediction of the path of disabled tankers after casualty in various damage conditions, partially flooded or broken down in parts. Those are realistic situations that may happen after collision or serious damage to the hull as did show casualties of tankers ERICA or PRESTIGE. Mathematical model of ship drifting motion under the influence of wind, waves and sea current was developed that, requires, however, knowledge of force coefficients, in particular hydrodynamic and aerodynamic force coefficients for damaged ship. Model tests intended to estimate these coefficients were performed in the towing tank where the model was in different damaged conditions. Developed computer code is intended to be validated by tests of the large model in semi-natural scale in natural wind and waves on the lake. Suitable testing methodology and measuring system were developed and preliminary tests were performed in the lake Silm in SHRT where the model was drifting freely in intact condition or with partially flooded compartments, heavily trimmed to the bow

W artykule przedstawiono badania teoretyczne okresu opóźnienia samozapłonu w silnikach z zapłonem samoczynnym, zwrócono uwagę na powiązanie tego okresu z energią aktywacji, obniżenie której związane jest z zastosowaniem katalizatorów, co warunkuje umiejscowienie materiałów katalitycznych we wtryskiwaczach paliwowych i może doprowadzić do zwiększenia ekonomicznych i ekologicznych parametrów pracy silników

Paper presents characteristics of selected marine and traction engines governor test stands. Test stands manu-factured by Woodward Governor and Regulateurs Europa have been presented. State-of-art of modern speed governor test stands functionality has been shown

The paper presents research on the actual ferry crossing traffic in Świnoujście by using laser measurement system. The aim of this study was to determine safety of coexistence crossing ferry and modernized ferry stand No. 6 of Sea Ferry Terminal in Świnoujście and verification simulation studies carried out in 1996 by Marine Traffic Engineering Institute

The paper presents the review and the comparison of the existing models of ships–ship collision. It also presents assumptions and preliminary results of collision model developed in Institute of Marine Traffic Engineering in Szczecin

First LNG import terminal on the Baltic Sea will be located in Poland at the outer port of Świnoujście. Safe entrance to the port of LNG carrier (vessel of length abt. 300 m) to the terminal requires considering of technical and navigational aspects, as well as fulfilment of series of safety criteria related to manoeuvring, mooring and unloading of LNG C carrier (LNGC). Complex manoeuvring, mooring and unloading safety assessment of LNG in port, might be done as an assessment of particular types of manoeuvres and exploitation operations. Paper describes all those aspects and show procedure of LNG terminal design with navigational and operational problems consideration