Growing costs of ship operation and actions taken to reduce the emission of harmful components in exhaust gases make designers seek more effective methods of utilizing substantial amounts of waste energy in marine power plants. One such method leads to the steam turbogenerator. This machine to run, however, requires substantially greater amount of steam generated in the waste heat boiler (compared to steam demand for heat-ing purposes). It is possible to supply a sufficient amount of steam if the waste heat contained in exhausts and charge air of the main engine is fully utilized. This article analyzes the influence of some methods of using waste heat from exhaust gases and charge air on the amount of steam produced in the waste heat boiler. The analysis takes account of boundary conditions, such as steam pressure in the boiler and the minimum value of outlet gas after the boiler. The analysis is illustrated with examples of basic calculations for the waste heat boiler co-operating with a specific slow speed engine. Two variants of waste heat recovery installation solutions are considere

In the general case measurements performed in navigation are those of position coordinates − points on the trajectory, and trajectory derivatives − speed vector and acceleration vector. Due to the occurrence of systematic and random errors, there is no full conformity of results obtained from measurements by various navigational instruments and systems in the mathematical model of the process of navigation, as well as in specific measurement models. This study attempts to compare trajectories, speeds and accelerations determined by different measurement tools (navigational equipment and systems). The results may be used in an analysis of measurement reliability and of the correct performance of navigational systems and equipment. A comparison of various sources of information also allows to detect and identify systematic errors, so that, consequently, mathematical models of specific phenomena and processes can be verifie

New two-stage method for observation and processing of radar signals and images is suggested, which uses two-polarization X-band radar and significantly improve accuracy of sea surface current velocity measurement

Generating initial population of evolutionary algorithms used in the process of weather ship route optimization requires the determination of the area where it may find the points of designated routes. The problem may be a need to sail around the continent, circumnavigate the islands, and the restrictions from the ice fields and other closed areas. Comparing routes to the rhumb line or great circle may be also impossible. It is proposed to determinate the preliminary route using Dijkstra's algorithm using land / ocean data of the GFS model. It will be used during generation an initial population on the ocean area in these cases

The article presents the general description of the waste energy recovery systems in the marine Diesel power plants. Both, the simple as well as the complex recovery systems have been discussed. The substantial part of the article concerns the overview of the evaluation methods of the recovery systems arrangements. There have been presented the rudiments of the thermodynamic evaluation which in the effect provides the material for the determination of the energetic and exergetic efficiency of the recovery systems. The significant issue is also the description of the method of the arrangements economic evaluation, including the method of the determination of the annual profit ensuing from the operation of the waste energy recovery system and the dynamic methods of the economic analysis with the particular emphasis on the investment outlay payback period index. There have been presented the examples of the dependence of the waste heat turbo-generators on the main engine power output, the estimated payback times of the investment outlays incurred in connection with the discussed systems and the payback time of the outlays with reference to the main engine power output in the function of its power output

This paper presents a new way to increase efficiency and reliability of air cooling machine (BMX) in terms of detander application and basic compressor of fundamentally new heat exchanger – Krajniuk’s cascaderecuperative pressure exchanger (KOD). The rules of KOD working circuit, during which BMX KOD working circuit is carried out and the primary thermal energy source can be the thermal energy of any origin, are described. The impact of adjustment on the cooling depth and efficiency of the device and the possibility to change the heat and mechanical work expenditure on the BMX KOD working circuit organization is given

The article outlines the characteristics of the WCM system, which is more and more frequently used to support enterprise management. Currently in Poland the WCM system is most often applied in automotive plants due to special quality requirements in this branch. By signalling the effects achieved by an organisation owing to WCM implementation, the author of the article wishes to make automotive plants managers interested in it, as this system might be a subsequent stage of quality improvement in a company, following the standards of ISO 9000 series

The paper describes the main directions of gas turbines improvement in terms of application of the cascade pressure exchange rules for air compression in the machine’s working cycle. The final calculation results of the four variants of the working process organization on the base of the two-stage gas turbine compression unit with inter-cooling and heating of the gas medium are presented. Opportunities and provision of energy efficiency increase of cascade pressure exchange gas turbine by increasing the maximum temperature of the circulation and recirculation of waste heat gas compression are shown

The article presents a mathematical model for determining the base regimes for common work of air cooling machine’s units with cascade pressure exchanger which allows to specify the device performance and thermal energy expenses. The final results of modeling and recommendations for the area of application are describe

The article describes the process of planning internal audits carried out in the framework of a quality management system based on ISO 9001. The article presents some errors made in the planning process of internal audits. These errors are classified as potential causes of poor effectiveness audits. In the first part this article contains theoretical considerations in the planning of internal audits of quality management systems. The second part of the article presents the results of research. These results illustrate the effects of errors in the planning process of the audit. At the end recommendations for persons responsible for planning audits are included. These recommendations should improve the effectiveness of the internal audit planning, and thereby their value to the organization

The aim of the article was to evaluate accuracy in determining a vessel position’s coordinates in respect to permanent signs, with sequence adjustments method applied. General theory of geodesic classical adjustment, based on a least square method and of sequence adjustments has been presented in its first part. The main part of the paper contains description of the research. It was conducted based on a vessel going from the seaport of Świnoujście to the seaport of Szczecin, determining the positions in respect to navigational structure made by aids in navigation located in Szczecin Lagoon. It consisted in simulating results of measurements in respect to marks of the structure (bearings and distances) and calculating position’s coordinates and its accuracy based on the results. The calculations were conducted with classical geodesic adjustment and sequence adjustments methods applied. Considerations regarding results obtained from the research have been performed and general conclusions drawn in the end part

This paper presents the requirements for the method and extent of testing of non coherent optical radiation at work places, as well as the meters used for tests. The requirements are based on the current standards in the field of optical radiation. The scope of the exposure measurements are presented in conjunction with the current values of MDE. There is a description of the method of determining the angular dimension of radiation source α and how to calculate the effective source radiance from the measured effective irradiance. At the end, the paper presents the recommended frequency of testing and suggestions concerning the content of the study

The article describes basic problems concerning qualifications required from personnel handling LNG terminal facilities and equipment in view of the new terminal in Świnoujście. Statistical data, separately reported for LNG tankers, indicate a drop of the number of accidents and machinery failures on ships. The legal basis for the organization of common seafarer training and additional training for LNG vessel crews is outlined. Finally, the authors point out the areas of training for shore-based personnel handling LNG vessels, types of equipment of training centers for specialized LNG courses and estimated costs of such training

Quality management systems established in conformity with ISO 9000 standards have an over twenty-year tradition. In the article attention has been focused on relations between goals defined within the framework of QMS (Quality Management Systems) and business results. The amendment of the bill, planned for the year 2015, changes the previous concept of QMS by introducing a number of new requirements which adjust organisation management systems to the current level of knowledge and environment of the organisation. One of the requirements that will be emphasised in a new issue of ISO 9001 standard is risk management, the innovation implementation process and information management. The article reviews the requirements contained in the current issue of the standard, focussing on requirements which limit the risk of organisation functioning and the risk related to innovation design and implementation

The paper presents a prototype of a new input–output device which is a constructed scanner of human upper limb movement which, together with the software layer, creates a new user interface of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine tools. The constructed scanner contains a sensory system based on acceleration sensors and gyroscopes which are distributed within the key areas on the human upper limb. On the basis of the signals registered during the movement of operator's upper limbs, basing on the solution of a simple kinematics model, it is possible to determine the location and orientation of operator’s hands. A combination of the developed technology with ready solutions of gloves scanning movements of fingers and hands provides a new intuitive input-output device for the communication with the machine;Stateczny, Kamil