Safety of various human activities depends to a significant extent on weather conditions which are the result of physical processes in the lower layer of the atmosphere. In numerous cases, the wind field information is required in the form of vector field. Complete description of the wind field is not feasible using only the results of standard direct wind measurements even if they are made in a fairly dense measurement network. The paper presents remote sensing measurement systems which provide data for determining the horizontal and vertical components of the wind vector at variety of levels in real time. The remote sensing methods of wind measurements use the Doppler phenomenon, i.e. the relation between the meteorological object movement velocity and the difference in frequency of the original signal and the backscattered one. Results obtained using data from meteorological Doppler radars, including the E700XD mobile radars in Polish Air Bases and radiotheodolite sounding systems are presented. The processed results of measurements are presented in the form of the wind vector fields at selected levels, profiles of the vertical component of the wind vector in a defined layer of the atmosphere and vertical profiles of the wind speed changes

The electromagnetic systems with the shaft-generator are being widely used in marine engineering, nowadays. Simulating investigations of transitory electromagnetic processes in such system require complex mathematical model studies to describe properly the dynamics of the containing objects. The following article is the first part of the final description of the mathematical model of marine electromagnetic system with the shaft-generator. It contains both the discussion about external factors affecting the electromagnetic processes in such system and initial assumptions that should be met by the proposed mathematical model

Research on damage stability and unsinkability is a valuable source of knowledge of behaving a ship while flooding its compartments. In the paper, a short description of accidents and damages of Polish warships is presented. The time when compartment is flooded (tf) and stability parameters are one of the key elements which have influence on a rescue action. The knowledge of the time mentioned is very important for a commanding officer making decisions while fighting for survival of the ship. To provide the information about the time tf a new method was designed. The method was tested experimentally and results of the tests are presented in the paper. In the experiments, the flooding process of compartments in a ship of the type 888 was simulated. The next part of research was carried out on the laboratory stand bed, where the flooding time of damaged compartment of warship model was measured. The results of the experiments can be a base to define general rules to make proper decisions during the process of damage control

The problem considered in this article refers to such representation of data from an electronic navigational chart that fast and effective identification of areas meeting certain criteria, e.g. depths, will be possible. This is of importance in such processes as situation analysis and assessment or the determination of a safe trajectory of ship movement. The recurrent algorithm for area discretization herein presented makes use of the trapezoid mesh. Its properties and requirements, as well as the methodology of area discretization are presented. The results of an experiment based on that algorithm are describe

The article presents a method to determine the gyro correction by utilizing parallel lines used in radar, taking into account the advantages of this method, which are the convenience and ease of use. The accuracy of the method according to the geographical and technical factors was analyzed. The mathematical calculation of the final results accuracy was presented. Situations in which it is recommended to use this method for determining gyrocompass corrections due to the high accuracy were describe

The article presents the results of compliance with the provisions relating to the operation of magnetic compasses and gyrocompasses. The proper conducts of ship’s documents, related to this issue have been analyzed. The paper also presents proposals for action aimed at facilitating and improving the existing situation

The problem of routine control of true courses from gyrocompass and from magnetic compass is presented. It is shown, that contemporary method of monitoring is not agree to science methods and is not agree to the intention of navigation safety. The reasons of this situation in aspect of history are analysed. The role of education at solution of this problem is exhibited. The problem is analysed at technical aspect, low aspect, moral aspect. The methods and means of resolving of the problem are presente

The paper presents the possibility of modelling transducers used in transport facilities using fractional calculus and analyses of the dynamic properties in terms of time and frequency for the measuring transducer with a seismic mass. Pointed out the benefits of fractional calculus in the description of the dynamics of transducers used in transportation facilities. Simulation studies were performed in the development environment of MATLAB\&Simulink

In the result of the critical analysis execution of functioning trans-shipping terminals in the national forwarding system the identification JTI system was presented. It used to solve decision problems, and also it will improve the processes of the flow JTI through the trans-shipping terminal

Safety of navigation is a complex problem which consists of many aspects. Seagoing and the level of training contribute to one making the right decisions in accordance with the principles of conduct. Crew training takes place at sea, as well as in maritime training centres. The article describes the safety problems of a warship in the event of fires in various regions of the vessel, hull puncture and unsealing. The problems connected with the identification of damage, its types and methods and tools to repair it have been described. The simulator of damage control has been described and scenarios of events which can be simulated have been presented. One of the scenarios – fire in the engine room – has been chosen and the course of the training with the use of the HOMAR OPA (organization of operations against fire and water), simulator produced by The Autocomp company for the Navy Training Center in Ustka, has been described. The main subjects of trainings are connected with fire safety, fire simulation, fire fighting, hull damages, water and fire defence, investigating damages, warship survivability, repair works etc. The trainings with the use of the simulator include preparation procedures for removing the hull damage and equipment failures as part of the process of securing the proper equipment to fight with water and fires, development of methods for detecting the inflow of water and fire, preparation of procedures to fight with water and fire, training of the crew to fight fires and water. The OPA simulator has been developed on the basis of the latest computer technology, with the use of large-size projection on the screen in the form of a cylinder’s segment

The paper presents a proposal of a method for the computation of ship’s deck elevation at any time and location on-board. The need for such a computation results from an interaction between a ship and cargo being loaded or discharged by a gantry in port, in terms of heeling and rolling of the vessel. The main purpose of such modeling is the need for improvement of gantry control with regard to faster operations thanks to more accurate estimation of level and moment of cargo release from a gantry hook or spreader. The study may be the contribution to the development of gantry control systems in sea ports

Research of problem of general safety level determination of complicated technical object, affected by a number of negative factors of different nature, decreasing the safety level technological object were conducted. The general model for calculation current values safety level consists of basis genetic conversions. Due to use of genetic models to determine come components of safety value of technical object it is possible to calculate impact of various factors which determine change of main components of safety value. Due to use of service functions the relevant influence of factors of different nature can be described according to logic of those factors

Tanker casualties that happen from time to time in the world cause serious damage to environment with disastrous effects. In particular, casualties of tankers “Prestige”, “Erika” and “Nakhodka” where ships were seriously damaged, broken in the middle or separated into two parts showed that salvage operations in many cases were not effective. Such casualty in the Baltic Sea, that is closed area, may lead to the total destruction of the environment. The paper describes a proposed system of preventing marine environment pollution from damaged tankers. Problems related to towing of damaged tankers to the safe harbour or area, that consist an important element of the system, are discussed in more detail with reference to model tests of towing of damaged tanker performed at Iława Training and Research Centre for Ship Manoeuvrability

In the paper were presented some results of experimental works on increasing of effective and lowering of toxic parameters in Diesel engines. Possibility of receipt of this factors is using of fuel fumigation – as contact fuel with catalytic materials in a body of fuel injectors. The results of experimental works conferment of perspective this idea

Detecting fog over sea, especially in early stages of its development, is extremely important due to the threats it imposes on sea navigation. Measurement and observation network in the areas is very thin and limited to single drifting buoys and information provided irregularly by the crews of ships. For these reasons, fog detection by means of remote sensing methods becomes especially significant. The paper presents possibilities to detect fog developing in the most difficult to detect cases – in the air cooling at night time – when it is not possible to sense in the visible light and when the thermal contrast between the fog and the underlying surface is lower than the thermal resolution of the IR images. Analysis of differential and RGB composite images produced from results of observation of the same meteorological objects obtained in various spectral bands reveals features unobservable in each of the bands separately. Using the EUMETSAT recommendations, algorithms of creating RGB composite images were developed in the Department of Geographic Information Systems and applied to images for analysis