Comprehensive climatology allows to specify not only the structure of the weather conditions, meaning the frequency of particular individuals, but also frequency of “favorable” or “unfavorable” weather, for example, for shipping and port operation. Comparison of “favorable” or “unfavorable” frequency of the weather types in Świnoujście have revealed that in the first decade of the twenty-first century, there was less of the latter than in the years 1971–1980. “Unfavorable” weather are primarily associated with the influx of air masses from northern and eastern sector, although there are among them also the western sector

The article presents the selected results of the experimental research of the influence of the ship’s motion on the sea waves on the value of the heat transfer coefficient between the fluidised bed and the heating surface of the ship’s fluidised-bed boiler immersed therein. Pursuant to the research results the likely boiler capacity change has been estimated caused by this disturbance. The research has been conducted at the original physical boiler model

The paper presents basic principles of a ships nondimensional trajectory definition for arbitrary manoeuvres by means of drift angle and nondimensional yaw velocity. This enables faster and better tuning of mathematical model of ship manoeuvring motions against the provided full scale sea maneouvring trials usually in a form of position trajectories – since it is known the governing, basic factors behind the trajectory. A special focus has been applied to the standard turning circle test

The article presents the problem of automation of ship’s control. This paper will discuss the basic tasks of the track ship control, collision avoidance and automatic dynamic positioning. The following subjects will be presented: the general structure of the ship's control, methods and control algorithms for the above mentioned tasks

The determination of sailing ship’s behavior accounting for the Collision Regulations plays an essential part in the choice of a decision procedure and the verification of its effect in navigational decision support systems. One of the basic aims of such systems is to provide procedures defining the direction of course alterations and/or speed accounting for the regulations in force. There are a number of publications on the subject. Based on the performed analysis of the collision regulations and on navigators’ and sailors’ knowledge the authors have developed an anti-collision algorithm for close quarters situations in the open sea in good visibility

Problems of sustainable economic development also apply to urban transport. The European Union emphasizes the creation of a sustainable transport system in which public transport will function more efficiently. Currently not all possible means of transport are used in public transport. Attempt to introduce transport water means in public transport does not always have a successful result. Existing solutions do not fully meet the postulates requested in passenger transport. The article analyzes the main technical and financial conditions and makes proposals necessary for the implementation of water public transport. Special attention in these proposals is paid to Szczecin agglomeration

This paper presents the results of the formation of the surface layer hardness, roughness and size of retained austenite after the process of grinding the gear teeth. It has been shown that not only are changed stereometric the surface layer but also in its mechanical properties

Digital hydrographic products include the ENC Electronic Navigational Charts and the IENC Inland Electronic Navigational Charts used for inland shipping. The process of IENC production comprises data acquisition and editing. Each object belongs to a class specified in the applicable standards and possesses necessary attributes. IENC cells include, among others, data related to depths in a given water body. Contemporary bathymetric measuring systems allow for saving more and more data of increased quality. Examples of systems characterized by the ability to acquisition high density data are interferometer systems. The authors of this article used GeoSwath Plus 250 kHz sonar system to collect bathymetric data. Bathymetric data included in the IENC cell should be up to date, structured and easy to manage. A piece of software by the ESRI Company, also dedicated to creating hydrographic products, allows to do just that. The authors have used a specialized geodatabase during the IENC production, which made managing bathymetric data easier. The article describes an analysis of the geodatabase’s functionality during the production of electronic navigational chart for inland shipping

In the paper the concept of the system of inland shipping connections to the proposed deep-water Container Terminal Świnoujście is presented. In the introduction argumentation for the container terminal in the port of Świnoujście investment is given. The terminal is briefly described in terms of its infrastructure and operating assumptions. In the next part, the determinants that affect connections between sea container terminal and its hinterland are discussed. The most important part of the work is devoted to the characteristics of the planned inland shipping connections, including: a description of the units, routes and organizational-economic assumptions. The work ends with conclusions that contain a description of the potential sea-land transport chains passing through the Container Terminal Świnoujście

Mechanically scanned imaging sonars (MSIS) are mainly used for detection of small objects or aiding in underwater navigation in limited area. Obtained images are detailed and, especially for not experienced user, they may give an impression of a photography. However, the acoustic method of acquisition of sonar data must be taken into account, as understanding observed scene is essential to properly interpret the data. To aid the process of image interpretation the reference data may be used. In this paper the application of bathymetric data to MSIS sonar images is proposed. To match high resolution of MSIS images the density of bathymetric data must exceed the requirements of S-44 IHO norm. For this research a swath bathymetric system based on phase interferometry of acoustic signal was used to obtain such data in shallow waters. The article covers the motivation of usage of such data in comparison to other existing bathymetric systems. The proposed method uses acquired data to create additional channel in sonar image emphasizing sea-bed gradient in relation to sonar head position and distinguish invisible / shadowed areas. Proposed method is based on directional derivative of a sea-bed. Method presented in this article is a part of bigger research on enhancing interpretative potential of stationary sonar images [1]

There were many changes of ways of operation of low-speed long-stroke marine Diesel engines powering ships introduced last years. Their range of continuous low load operation has been significantly extended. That changes exerted a great influence on operating condition of equipment connected with engines, particularly waste heat boilers. The bellow paper deals with adjustment of water level in smoke – tube exhaust gas boiler depending on real operating condition of the ship powered by the marine slow-speed longstroke Diesel engine operated under the “Super Slow Steaming” program

When a ship is saling on waves the relative motions occur which result in propeller emergence, and as a consequence – propeller thrust reduction which results in a decrease in the ship’s speed. Propeller emergence is also accompanied by the decrease in torque values, with which the propeller affects the marine engine. The article presents both calculation results and the algorithm for calculating the decrease in torque of the propeller during ship motions on irregular wave

While the ship is sailing on waves the relative motions occur which result in propeller emergence, and as a consequence – propeller thrust reduction which results in a decrease in the ship’s speed. Propeller emergence is also accompanied by the decrease in torque values, with which the propeller affects the propelling engine. The article presents both calculation results and the algorithm for calculating the decrease in torque of the propeller during ship motion on a regular wave

The paper shows that the low energy efficiency exploitation of technical systems to a large extent determines their negative impact on the environment and humans. On the basis of the energy balance equation shows that the decrease in efficiency due to the loss of energy during its conversion and the transmission and power factor with reduced electrical devices technical systems. Reduced power factor due to the fact that the technical system operation the power consumption of the drive motor on the shaft of these systems much less than its nominal value. Loss of energy and reducing power factor leads to contamination of the environment and reduction of human security in the operation of technical systems. The most effective way to improve the energy efficiency of operation is to improve the power factor by compensating the phase shift, which reduces the current consumption due to compensation of the reactive component of it. Experimental research in machine tool technology systems have shown that the application of the method of compensation of phase shift can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the operation of these systems. This significantly reduces the amount of power consumption, the value of its reactive component and the input current and greatly increasing the power factor of technical systems in their operation

The paper deals with the problems related to the diagnostics of selected parts of modern Diesel engines. The evolution of mechanical properties of four alloys of Mg-Li-Al system and four composites made on the base of the alloys mentioned above, caused by variation of its composition was presented. The Acoustic Emission (AE) method applied to monitoring of degradation of mechanical properties of the alloys and composites was described. Moreover, the results of the investigation of failures occurring in the injectors of Common Rail Diesel engines performed with the application of AE method were also reporte