Composite materials based on aluminum alloys are widely used in the automotive, aviation, and shipbuilding industries. The presence of the ceramic reinforcing phase significantly changes the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. By appropriate selection of the components that make up the composite materials, it is possible to create mechanical properties that are not possible with unreinforced alloys. Structural elements made of these types of materials often require joining in welding processes. This article presents a general description of methods of joining composites based on aluminum alloys reinforced with ceramic particles, which have been divided into three groups: fusion welding method, solid state welding, and different methods. The individual methods highlighted how the presence of a reinforcing phase affects the welding process. Difficulties mainly arise from the disintegration of the ceramic phase by the concentrated heat source during welding processes, the formation of harmful surface products, and the lack of wettability of the ceramic particles through the metal matrix. The joints obtained vary in terms of structure, ceramic particle distribution, and mechanical properties with respect to the values characterizing the native material. From an analysis of the individual methods, it appears that solid-phase methods have the smallest effect on the degradation of ceramic particles, but have limitations in terms of the shape and size of the materials to be joined. In fusion welding methods, the degradation of the reinforcement phase by the concentrate heat source is greatest. To a certain extent, this can be compensated for by the choice of an additive material, which consists of elements that improve the wettability of the reinforcement phase through the metal matrix and form strengthening separations.