The development of biotechnology has essential influence on obtaining new varieties of plants commonly grown in the world for consumption and as raw materials for the feed industry. The application of new techniques permits modifying plants as regards the quality and quantity content of raw materials and products obtained from them

The problem of environment protection against selected properties of soybean seed cake in transport processes and the terminology of the dangerous cargo mentioned in various codes and regulations has been presented. Loose soybean seed cake, apart from larger particles, also includes fine and powdery fractions creating danger of explosion. An analysis has been made of selected industrial and transport elevators aimed at determining the degree of protection of the atmosphere inside those storehouses

The increasing needs for carrying bulk cargoes between continents by means of marine transport have increased interest in the subject of safe carriage of these cargoes by sea. Soybean seed cake is one of many bulk cargoes, currently the best substitute of animal protein in the composition of fodder. As loose bulk cargo, soybean seed cake is carried by various specialist means of land and water transport. During transport by sea this cargo tends to pour athwart on board, in effect causing to shift the ship’s gravity centre and then a list favouring further pouring of the cargo, capable of causing the vessel to capsize. There has been presented the effect of selected transport and technological quality factors, namely static angle of repose, kinetic angle of repose and the size and shape of particles on the transport safety of soybean seed cake by sea. Research results have been depicted on graphs and described statistically

Loose cohesionless bulk cargoes in its composition contain fractions of different size of particles. Some of them are included into the dustiness fractions. One of these solid bulk cargoes is soybean seed cake. It contains in its composition fractions of different sizes. Constantly increasing demand for the bulk cargoes, has increased the interest in the issue of maritime security. Soybean seed cake is transported by various means of transport, including maritime transport. As it is characterized by loose cargo tends to pour athwart on board, which may lead to displacement of the center of ship’s gravity and in consequences may have led to the capsizing of the vessel. In this article influence of small fractions of soybean seed cake one size of the static angle of repose, kinetic (natural) angle of repose, bulk density and porosity in terms of safety of the transport of soybean cake by the sea is presented. The results were shown in the graphs and were statistically elaborate

The increasing needs for carrying solid bulk cargoes by means of marine transport have increased interest in the subject of safe carriage of these cargoes by sea. One of them are ore concentrates. During the transport by the sea, the cargo tends to liquidate and shift toward the sides which may increase the inclination when rolling and leads to loss of stability of the ship. There has been presented the results of researches on moisture content and flow moisture point of copper ore concentrate. Furthermore, transportable moisture limit for this concentrate was determined. The researches are of practical importance, because of the liquefaction phenomenon of concentrates that are transported by the sea. This phenomenon is the cause of many accidents and even may lead the vessel to capsize.

Loose cohesionless bulk cargoes in its composition contain fractions of different size of particles. Some of them are included into the dustiness fractions. One of these solid bulk cargoes is soybean seed cake. It contains in its composition fractions of different sizes. Constantly increasing demand for the bulk cargoes, has increased the interest in the issue of maritime security. Soybean seed cake is transported by various means of transport, including maritime transport. As it is characterized by loose cargo tends to pour athwart on board, which may lead to displacement of the center of ship’s gravity and in consequences may have led to the capsizing of the vessel. In this article influence of small fractions of soybean seed cake one size of the static angle of repose, kinetic (natural) angle of repose, bulk density and porosity in terms of safety of the transport of soybean cake by the sea is presented. The results were shown in the graphs and were statistically elaborated.

Safety of carrying bulk cargoes is an important problem in all stages of the supply chain. At the moment, soybean seed cake is one of the many bulk cargoes, which is the best substitute of protein in the composition of fodder. During the transport, soybean seed cake is mostly under the form of loose cargo and is carried by various and specialized means of sea and overland transport. There are occurred the quality changes of soybean seed cake during the transport processes that are understood as the followed cyclical operations of warehousing, handling and transportation by various means of transport. A lot of characteristics are subject to changes. They are decisive in the nutritional value and in the susceptibility of transport, and they are determining the basic quality-creative factors in the scope of usable quality called functional quality. Maintaining of initial quality of soybean seed in transport process depends on providing the optimal condition of storage, handling and transportation. The influence of functional quality factor that means susceptibility to oxidation in relation to safety of soybean seed cake sea transport is presented. The results of researches are provided on diagrams and evaluated by statistic methods. Introduction Characteristic feature of soybean seed cake is instability of its physical properties and chemical composition. Regardless of means of transport, handling methods and construction of warehouses, the transported, handled and stored soybean seed cake is exposed to influence of exo-genetic factors. Atmospheric factors such as oxygen content in air and humidity are counted to it. These factors are affecting the transmutation courses reducing the quality of soybean seed and are dangerous in transportation processes. Under the commonly used loose form of transport and storage of bulk soybean seed and pneumatic handling, there are favourable condition for oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids that lead to local accumulation of significant amount of thermal energy, increase of temperature and creation of chemically self-heating spots. These phenomena are not in favour of safety of transportation and storage. Susceptibility;Drzewieniecka, Beata

Many factors that determine the quality and the vulnerability of transportation have changed. During the handling, storage and transport phases of different modes of transport, qualitative changes occur in ground soybean grain. These properties are the subject of changes that determine the quality of cargo and transportability. They constitute the group of quality features. Water content is an important characteristic affecting the quality of soybean meal from its production until after the storage process. In this article, we present the results of research on the hygroscopic characteristics of ground soybean grain and its different fractions, including the effect of temperature, relative humidity, ambient air and grain composition.

Przedstawiono opracowane dla poszczególnych frakcji śruty sojowej izotermy sorpcji oraz dynamikę zmian zawartości wilgoci w funkcji czasu przy wil-Hotnościach względnych powietrza: 30, 40, 60, 75 i 95%, w temperaturach 20 i 40°C.

Przedstawiono wyniki badań niektórych właściwości fizycznych śruty sojowej, u- tym zmiany kąta nasypu oraz zsypu w zależności od wysokości warstwy ładunku w stosowanym do pomiaru aparacie. Wyniki badań zilustrowano na wykresie oraz opracowano statystycznie.

Przedstawiono wyniki badań mające na celu ocenę zmian kąta nasypu i zsypu różnych rodzajów ziaren zbóz (żyta, pszenicy, jęczmienia, owsa) wraz ze zmianą zawartości wilgoci Wyniki te zilustrowano na wykresach oraz opracowano statystycznie

Scharakteryzowane zostały właściwości drewna mające wpływ na zmiany zawartości wody w tarcicy podczas składowania w portach, negatywnie oddziaływające na cechy jakościowe drewna. Przedstawiono wyniki badań wykonanych w porcie szczecińskim, dotyczących zmian wilgotności tarcicy suszonej pakietyzowanej w czasie krótkoterminowego składowania w jesiennej porze roku, na otwartych placach składowych. Statystycznie określono istotność wpływu czasu składowania i sposobu zabezpieczenia pakietów tarcicy przed wpływem czynników zewnętrznych. Ponadto dokonano oceny możliwości utrzymania w warunkach portowych ściśle określonej, maksymalnej wilgotności drewna oraz sprostania zwiększonym wymaganiom jakościowym, stawianym przez importerów drewna.

Podano krótki rys historyczny kształtowania się organizacyjnych struktur normalizacyjnych na święcie i w Polsce oraz dotychczasowe główne zasady w zakresie obowiązywania i opracowywania norm. Na tym tle przedstawione zostały zmiany, jakie już nastąpiły w krajowej normalizacji po wejściu w życie nowej ustawy normalizacyjnej z dnia 3 kwietnia 1993 r. Scharakteryzowano zmiany w strukturze organizacyjnej, polegającej na dezintegracji obszarów normalizacji, metrologii i jakości oraz główne zadania nowo powstałych jednostek organizacyjnych. Nakreślone zostały nowe zasady opracowywania i funkcjonowania norm krajowych oraz proces przekształceń norm branżowych w normy polskie, uszczegółowiony na przykładzie gospodarki morskiej.